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B.A., University of Lethbridge, 1991
M.Sc., University of Western, 1993
Ph.D., University of Western, 1996

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Research Interests

Sleep; sleep functions; synaptic plasticity during sleep and waking; sleep and memory consolidation; EEG.

I became interested in Behavioral Neuroscience after taking a course on “Brain and Behavior” taught by Ian Whishaw at the University of Lethbridge. I started to work with Ian and, in 1991, received a B.A. (Psychology) from the U of L. Subsequently, I went to the University of Western Ontario to work with Case Vanderwolf. I received a M.Sc. in Neuroscience in 1993, and a Ph.D. in Neuroscience in 1996. From 1996-1997, I was a post-doctoral fellow at the Institute of Physiological Psychology, University of Duesseldorf, Germany, working with J. P. Huston. In 1998, I took up my current position in the Department of Psychology at Queen’s University.

Research in the Sleep and Neuroplasticity Lab is funded by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC). The project title is: "How special is sleep for human memory consolidation?"

Selected Publications

Books

Dringenberg, H.C. (Editor). (2019) Handbook of Sleep Research. Vol. 30, Handbook of Behavioural Neuroscience. Academic Press/Elsevier, San Diego, pp. 1-738.

BOOK CHAPTERS:
Dringenberg, H.C. (2019) Sleep and memory consolidation: conceptual and methodological challenges. In: Dringenberg, H.C. (ed.). Handbook of Sleep Research. Academic Press/Elsevier, pp. 489-501.

Dringenberg, H.C., and Kuo, M.-C. (2006) Cholinergic, histaminergic, and noradrenergic regulation of LTP stability and induction threshold: cognitive implications. In: Levin, E.D., Butcher, L, and Decker, M. (eds.). Neurotransmitter Interactions and Cognitive Function. Birkhäuser, Boston, pp. 165-183.

Journal Publications

Dringenberg, H.C. (2020) The history of long-term potentiation as a memory mechanism: controversies, confirmation, and some important lessons to remember. Hippocampus, 30, 987-1012.

Lo, E.B.L., Laferriere, L.J.C., Stewart, M.R., Milanovic, M., Kinney, M., Bowie, C.R., and Dringenberg, H.C. (2021) Does napping enhance the consolidation of clinically relevant information? A comparison of individuals with low and elevated depressive symptoms. Nature and Science of Sleep, 2021:13 141-152.

Dastgheib, M., Kulanayagam, A., and Dringenberg, H.C. (2022) Is the role of sleep in memory consolidation overrated? Neurosci. Biobehav. Rev. 140:104799.

B.A., University of British Columbia, 1985
M.A., York University, 1989
Ph.D., York University, 1993

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Name Pronunciation Guide:
"WENdee Creg"

Click below to hear pronunciation

Research Interests

My research program focuses on bullying, victimization, healthy relationships, and knowledge mobilization – moving research into practise and practise into research. Over the past 30 years, I have examined bullying and victimization from a developmental psychopathology perspective. I argue that this type of aggressive behaviour merits attention because it underlies many problems related to interpersonal violence. From a developmental perspective, the lessons learned in bullying within peer relationships generalize to other developmentally significant relationships, such as romantic and familial relationships. My current research projects include: understanding the biological, psychological, and social correlates of cyberbullying, peer victimization, peer defending and teen dating violence; investigating the role of shame in bullying and the associated mental health consequences; and evaluating knowledge mobilization of bullying research and its impact. More information on my knowledge mobilization work can be found at (Promoting Relationships and Eliminating Violence Network).

My secondary area of research is on teen dating violence. Students, parents, teachers, school administrators and community agencies have a shared responsibility to promote positive relationships, prevent dating violence, and create healthy school climates. Educators are faced with challenging situations involving unhealthy relationships, such as dating violence. Currently, there is a lack of research on what is the content of the training that preservice teachers and practicing teachers require; on how preservice educators implement this training when they gain employment; on what is the most effective way to provide this training to teachers; and how best to get these much needed resources to educators. I am examining how to enhance preservice and service educators’ capacity and competencies to prevent dating violence and promote healthy relationships through a gender-based lens by providing new training, new resources, and new methods of disseminating the training. Through PREVNet, we lead a Community of Practise of 21 intervention projects addressing teen dating violence.

Selected Publications

Theresa A McIver, Rachael L Bosma, Sarah Goegan, Aislinn Sandre, Janell Klassen, Julian Chiarella, Linda Booij, Wendy Craig. (in press). Functional Connectivity Across Social Inclusion and Exclusion is Related to Peer Victimization and Depressive Symptoms in Young Adults. Journal of Affective Disorders

Elgar, Frank, Gariepy. Genevieve, Dirks, Melanie, Walsh, Sophie, Molcho, Michal, Cosma, Alina, Malinowska-Cieslik, Marta, & Craig, Wendy. (2019). Early-life exposure to income inequality and bullying in adolescence: panel study in 40 countries, Journal of American Medical Association Pediatrics, e191181-e191181

Lambe, L.J., Craig, W.M., & Hollenstein, T. (2019). Blunted physiological stress reactivity among youth with a history of bullying and victimization: links to depressive symptoms. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 1-13.

Lambe, L. J., Della Cioppa, V., Hong, I. K., & Craig, W. M. (2019). Standing up to bullying: a social ecological review of peer defending in offline and online contexts. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 45, 55-71.

Irwin, A., Li, J., Craig, W.M., & Hollenstein, T. (2019). The role of shame in peer victimization and mental health outcomes. Journal of Interpersonal Violence, 156-181

Hodgins, Zoe, Kelley, Elizabeth Kloosterman, Patricia, Hall, Layla, Hudson, Chloe, Furlano, Rosaria & Craig, Wendy. (2018). Brief Report: Do You See What I See? The Perception of Bullying in Male Adolescents with Autism Spectrum Disorder. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders. 10.1007/s10803-018-3739-y

Hong, Irene, Wang, Weijun, Craig, Wendy M., & Pepler, Debra J. (2018). Peer victimization though a trauma lens: Identifying who is at risk for negative outcomes. Scandinavian Journal of Psychology. .

McIver,T. Bosma, R., Sandre, A., Goegan, S., Klassen, J., Chiarella, J. & Craig, W. (2018). Peer Victimization Is Associated With Neural Response to Social Exclusion. Merrill-Palmer Quarterly, 64 (1), 135-161. Retrieved from

Michaelson V, Donnelly P, Morrow W, King N, Craig W, Pickett W. (2018). Violence, adolescence, and Canadian religious communities. J Interpers Violence. 2018 May 1:886260518775160. doi: 10.1177/0886260518775160. [Epub ahead of print]

10. Lambe, L., Hudson, C., & Craig, W. (2017). Does defending come with a cost? Examining the psychosocial correlates of defending behaviour among bystanders of bullying in a Canadian sample. Child Abuse and Neglect, 65:112-123. doi: 10.1016/j.chiabu.2017.01.012.

B.A., (Hons), University of Alberta, 1992
Ph.D., University of Alberta, 1999

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Research Interests

Fear is highly adaptive in that it serves to protect us from harm in threatening situations. However, when fear is extreme or when it is inappropriate to the situation, it is no longer adaptive. My research is concerned with the neural circuits responsible for mediating fear as a useful adaptation, as well as with how altered brain function might promote maladaptive levels of fear. We use animal models of anxiety (rats being our animal of choice) to study how fear is regulated in the brain (e.g., what brain structures, neurochemicals and receptor types are involved?). We also explore how these neural systems and the defensive behaviors they regulate are modified by prior experience (e.g., maternal neglect in early life and/or chronic stress in adulthood). Our experimental approach involves behavioral testing, maternal care paradigms, intra-cerebral and peripheral drug administration, neuroanatomical lesions and immunohistochemistry.

Selected Publications

Chee S-S A, Menard JL, Dringenberg H (2014) Behavioural anxiolysis without reduction of hippocampal theta frequency after histamine application in the lateral septum of rats. Hippocampus, 24:615-627.

Chee S-S A, Menard JL. (2013) The histaminergic H1, H2, and H¬3 receptors of the lateral septum differentially mediate the anxiolytic-like effects of histamine on rats’ defensive behaviors in the elevated plus maze and novelty-induced suppression of feeding paradigm. Physiology & Behaviour, 116-117: 66-74.

Trent NL*, Menard JL. (2013) Lateral septal infusions of the Neuropeptide Y Y2 receptor agonist, NPY13-36 differentially affect different defensive behaviors in male, Long Evans rats. Physiology & Behaviour, 110-111: 20-29.

Wilkin MM*, Waters P, McCormick, CM & Menard, JL. (2012). Intermittent physical stress during early- and mid-adolescence differentially alters rats’ anxiety- and depression-like behaviours in adulthood. Behavioral Neuroscience.

Trent NL*, Menard JL. (2011) Infusions of neuropeptide Y into the lateral septum reduce anxiety-related behaviors in the rat. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior, 99: 580-590.

Che S-SA*, Menard JL (2011) Lesions of the dorsal lateral septum do not affect neophagia in the novelty induce suppression of feeding paradigm but reduce defensive behaviours in the elevated plus maze and shock probe burying tests. Behavioural Brain Research, 220: 362-366.

Trent NL*, Menard JL. (2010) The ventral hippocampus and the lateral septum work in tandem to regulate rats' open-arm exploration in the elevated plus-maze. Physiology & Behavior (101): 141-152.

Simpson SM, Menard JL, Reynolds RN, Beninger RJ (2010) Post-weaning social isolation increases activity in a novel environment but decreases defensive burying and subchronic mk-801 enhances the activity but not the burying effect in rats. Pharmacology, Biochemistry and Behavior (95): 72-79.

Hakvoort Schwerdtfeger RM*, Menard JL (2008) The lateral hypothalamus and anterior hypothalamic nucleus differentially contribute to rats’ defensive responses in the elevated plus-maze and shock-probe burying tests. Physiology & Behavior, 93: 697-705.

Dringenberg HC, Levine Y*, Menard JL (2008) Electrical stimulation of dorsal, but not ventral hippocampus reduces behavioral defense in the elevated plus maze and shock-probe burying test in rats. Behavioural Brain Research, 143-147.

Menard JL, Hakvoort RM* (2007) Variations of maternal care alter offspring levels of behavioral defensiveness in adulthood: evidence for a threshold model. Behavioural Brain Research, 176: 302-313.

Pohl J, Olmstead MC, Wynne-Edwards KE, Harkness K, Menard JL. (2007) Repeated exposure to stress across the childhood-adolescent period alters rats' anxiety- and depression-like behaviours in adulthood: The importance of stressor type and gender. Behavioural Neuroscience, 121: 462-274.

Hancock S, Menard JL, Olmstead C (2005) Variations of maternal care influence vulnerability to stress-induced binge eating in adolescent female rats. Physiology & Behavior, 85: 430-439.

Menard JL, Champagne D, Meaney MJ (2004) Variations of maternal care differentially influence 'fear' reactivity and regional patterns of C-Fos immunoreactivity in response to the shock-probe burying test. Neuroscience, 129: 297-308.

Menard J, Treit D (2001) The anxiolytic effects of intra-hippocampal midazolam are antagonized by intra-septal L-glutamate. Brain Research, 888: 163-166.

Menard J, Treit D (2000) Intra-septal infusions of excitatory amino acid receptor antagonists have differential effects in two animal models of anxiety. Behavioral Pharmacology, 11(2): 99-108.

(* denotes my students)

B.A. (Hon.), McGill University, 2011
Ph.D., McGill University, 2017

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Name Pronunciation Guide:
"mih-SHELL more-ning-star"

Click below to hear pronunciation

Research Interests

My research focuses on the development of emotional communication and social cognition from childhood to adulthood. I am particularly interested in the ways in which we learn to express and perceive emotional states through nonverbal cues, such as tone of voice. I use a variety of methods, including speech analysis and functional neuroimaging, to determine how these basic emotional skills contribute to our social functioning and psychological well-being across development.

Publications

For a full list of publications, please see my page.

B.Sc. (Hons), Western University, 2005
M.A., University of Toronto, 2007
Ph.D., University of Toronto, 2011

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Research Interests

What happens when we remember? Most saliently, we experience a record of our past, but we also change the memories we retrieve: for example, leading questions alter eyewitness memories, inducing possible miscarriages of justice. Furthermore, retrieved memories help us to form new ones: recollecting details from course prerequisites helps with retention of new lecture material.

I research the consequences of bringing memories to life. To this end, my studies frequently incorporate monitoring of human brain activity with fMRI. Using computational methods, I track neural evidence of memory reactivation within participants’ brains, which I relate to other processes such as memory formation, forgetting, planning for the future, and perception.

In related work, I research neural processes that underlie remembering, focusing on how and why individual differences in our brain anatomy explain differences in our memory ability, especially as they concern the hippocampus. Because of the spatial complexity of neuroanatomy, this work incorporates conceptual and methodological development in the area of neuroanatomical modeling.

Selected Publications

Poppenk, J., McIntosh, A.R., & Moscovitch, M. (in press). fMRI evidence of equivalent neural suppression by repetition and prior knowledge. Neuropsychologia.

Poppenk, J., & Norman, K.A. (2014). Briefly cuing memories leads to suppression of their neural representations. Journal of Neuroscience, 34, 8010-8020.

Poppenk, J., Evensmoen, H., Nadel, L., & Moscovitch, M. (2013). Long-axis specialization in the human hippocampus. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 17, 230-40.

Poppenk, J., & Moscovitch, M. (2011). A hippocampal marker of recollection memory ability among healthy young adults: contributions of posterior and anterior segments. Neuron, 6, 931-937.

Poppenk, J., Köhler, S., & Moscovitch, M. (2010). Revisiting the novelty effect: When familiarity, not novelty, enhances memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory & Cognition, 36, 1321-1330

B.A., McGill University, 1996
Ph.D., McGill University, 2003

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Name Pronunciation Guide:
"KA·ruh·line Poo·KAWL"

Click below to hear pronunciation

Research Interests

My main focus is in the area of human sexuality, particularly sexual function, dysfunction, and sexual health. My perspective is a clinical one, and my methods of investigation range from self-report studies (face-to-face, online), observational studies, to basic science methodologies including the following: quantitative sensory testing (to assess sensitivity in various areas of the body), blood flow imaging (primarily via laser Doppler imaging), and brain imaging (using a variety of techniques).

Selected Publications

Sutton KS, Yessick LR, Wild CJ, Chamberlain SM, Pukall CF (2020). Exploring the neural correlates of touch and pain in women with provoked vestibulodynia. Pain, 161, 926-937. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001778. Epub 10 Dec 2019.

Byers-Heinlein A, McCallum A, Byers ES, Pukall CF (2020). Sexual health-related training of Canadian midwives and association with practice outcomes. Women and Birth, 33, e199-e207.

Pukall CF, Bergeron S, Rosen NO, Jackowich R (2020). Persistent genitopelvic pain: Classification, comorbidities, chronicity, and interpersonal factors. Current Sexual Health Reports, 12, 15-23. Epub 8 Jan 2020.

Rosen NO, Bergeron S, Pukall CF (2020). Recommendations for the study of vulvar pain in women, part 1: Review of assessment tools. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17, 180-194. doi: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2019.10.023 Epub 2019 Dec 4.

Jackowich R, Poirier É, Pukall CF (2020). A comparison of medical comorbidities, psychosocial, and sexual well-being in an online cross-sectional sample of women experiencing persistent genital arousal symptoms and a control group. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17, 69-82.

Cappell J, Bouchard KN, Chamberlain SM, Byers-Heinlein A, Chivers ML, Pukall CF (2020). Is mode of delivery associated with sexual response? Pilot study of genital and subjective sexual arousal in primiparous women with vaginal or cesarean section births. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 17, 257-272. [epub Dec 19, 2019]

Gauvin S, Smith KB, Chamberlain SM, Pukall CF (2019). Communication patterns in women with provoked vestibulodynia and their partners. Psychology & Sexuality, 10, 369-382. DOI [epub Aug 21 2019]

Dargie E, Pukall C, Goetsch M, Stenson A, Leclair C (2019). The clinical utility of the Vulvar Pain Assessment Questionnaire (VPAQ): A pilot study. Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease, 23, 272-278. DOI: 10.1097/LGT.0000000000000488

Huberman JS, McInnis MK, Bouchard KN, Dawson SJ, Pukall CF, Chivers ML (2019). Exploring comfort levels and the role of compensation in sexual psychophysiology study participation. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48, 2389-2402. [epub 15 July 2019] DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-1458-x

Dawson SJ, Huberman JS, Bouchard KN, McInnis MK, Pukall CF, Chivers ML (2019). Effects of individual difference variables, gender, and exclusivity of sexual attraction on volunteer bias in sexuality research. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48, 2403-2417. [epub 22 April 2019] DOI: 10.1007/s10508-019-1451-4

Bornstein J, Preti M, Simon J, As-Sanie S, Stockdale CK, Stein A, Parish SJ, Ridici G, Vieira Baptista V, Pukall CF, Moyal-Barracco M, Goldstein AT (2019). Descriptors of vulvodynia: A multi-societal consensus (International Society for the Study of Vulvovaginal Disease, International Society for the Study of Women’s Sexual Health, International Pelvic Pain Society). Journal of Lower Genital Tract Disease, 23, 161-163. [epub 15 Feb 2019]

Bouchard K, Boyer SB, Stewart J, Holden RH, Pukall CF (2019). Sexuality and personality correlates of willingness to participate in sex research. Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 28, 26-37. [epub Jan 13, 2019]

Pukall CF, Jackowich R, Mooney K, Chamberlain SM (2019). Genital sensations in persistent genital arousal disorder: A case for an overarching nosology of genitopelvic dysesthesias? Sexual Medicine Reviews, 7, 2-12.

Stroman P, Ioachim G, Powers JM, Staud R, Pukall CF (2018). Pain processing in the human brainstem and spinal cord before, during, and after the application of noxious heat stimuli. Pain, 159, 2012-2020. doi: 10.1097/j.pain.0000000000001302

Bossio JA, Singh M, Pukall CF (2018). Concurrent assessment of penile blood flow and circumference as indicators of male sexual arousal. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 15, 1570-1578.

Blair KL, Holmberg D, Pukall CF (2018). Support processes in same-sex and mixed-sex relationships: Type and source matters. Personal Relationships, 25, 374-393. DOI: 10.1111/pere.12249

McCallum A, Byers-Heinlein A, Byers ES, Pukall CF (2018). Are Ontario midwives prepared to respond to their clients’ sexual concerns? A survey of attitudes, perceived training, knowledge, and comfort. Canadian Journal of Midwifery Research and Practice, 17, 20-33.

Blair KL, Cappell JP, Pukall CF (2018). Not all orgasms were created equal: Differences in frequency and satisfaction of orgasm experiences by sexual activity in same-sex vs. mixed-sex relationships. Journal of Sex Research, 55, 719-733.

Gauvin S, Pukall CF (2018). The SexFlex Scale: A measure of sexual script flexibility when approaching sexual problems in a relationship. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 44, 382-397. DOI: 10.1080/0092623X.2017.1405304

Bossio JA, Pukall CF (2018). Attitude towards one’s circumcision status is more important than actual circumcision status for men’s body image and sexual functioning. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 47, 771-781. DOI: 10.1007/s10508-017-1064-8

Jackowich R, Pink L, Gordon A, Poirier E, Pukall CF (2018). An online, cross-sectional comparison of women with symptoms of persistent genital arousal, painful persistent genital arousal, and chronic vulvar pain. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 15, 558-567.

Cappell J, Pukall CF (2018). Perceptions of the effects of childbirth on sexuality among nulliparous individuals. Birth, 45, 55-63. DOI: 10.1111/birt.12321

Thibault-Gagnon S, McLean L, Goldfinger C, Pukall CF, Chamberlain SM (2018). Relationship between 3D perineal ultrasound imaging and digital intra-vaginal palpation assessments of the pelvic floor muscles in women with and without provoked vestibulodynia. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 15, 346-360.

Gauvin S, Pukall CF (2018). Sexual problems and sexual scripts: Overview and future directions for bisexual-identified individuals. Journal of Sexual and Relationship Therapy, 1-2, 34-44. DOI: 10.1080/14681994.2018.1426851

Jackowich R, Pink L, Gordon A, Poirier E, Pukall CF (2018). Symptom characteristics and medical history of an online sample of women who experience symptoms of persistent genital arousal. Journal of Sex and Marital Therapy, 44, 111-126. DOI: 10.1080/0092623X.2017.1321598

Dargie EE, Gilron I, Pukall CF (2017). Provoked vestibulodynia: A comparative examination of mental health, sleep, sexual functioning, and relationship adjustment. Clinical Journal of Pain, 33, 870-876. DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000480

Boyer SC, Chamberlain SM, Pukall CF (2017). Vulvodynia attitudes in a sample of Canadian post-graduate trainees. Canadian Journal of Human Sexuality, 26, 249-260. DOI: 10.3138/cjhs.2017-0019

Dargie EE, Holden RH, Pukall CF (2017). The Vulvar Pain Assessment Questionnaire: Factor structure, preliminary norms, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 14, 1585-1596. DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2017.10.072

Pukall CF, Bergeron S, Brown C, Bachmann G, Wesselmann U (2017). Recommendations for self-report outcome measures in vulvodynia clinical trials. Clinical Journal of Pain, 33, 756-765. DOI: 10.1097/AJP.0000000000000453

Cappell J, Pukall CF (2017). Clinical profile of persistent genito-pelvic postpartum pain. Midwifery, 50, 125-132.

Dargie EE, Gilron I, Pukall CF (2017). Self-reported neuropathic pain characteristics of women with provoked vulvar pain: A preliminary investigation. Journal of Sexual Medicine, 14, 577-591.

Dargie EE, Chamberlain SM, Pukall CF (2017). Provoked vestibulodynia: Diagnosis, self-reported pain, and presentation during gynecological examinations. Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology of Canada, 39, 145-151.

Bouchard K, Chivers ML, Pukall CF (2017). Effects of genital response measurement device and stimulus characteristics on sexual concordance in women. The Journal of Sex Research, 54, 1197-1208.

BA Hons University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, 1996
PhD University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, 2012

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Name Pronunciation Guide:
"jaa nuh thn s-m-AW-l-w-UU-d"

Click below to hear pronunciation

Research Interests

Human cognition is not always directly related to the events taking place in the here and now and understanding the neural basis behind the thoughts and feelings that occupy our daily lives is one of the most important questions facing cognitive neuroscience. To address this important question Professor Smallwood’s work uses state-of-the-art techniques for brain analysis as well as novel methods for assessing both patterns of ongoing thought, and task driven behaviour. Ongoing work focuses on the relationship between different patterns of ongoing experience and both positive and negative features of health and well being and how the structure of these complex patterns of thought are constrained by the organisation of the structure of the cortex.

Relevant Papers

(Smallwood & Schooler, 2015; Margulies et al., 2016; Sormaz et al., 2018; Ho et al., 2019; Hong et al., 2019; Murphy et al., 2019; Turnbull et al., 2019)

Ho, N. S. P., Wang, X., Vatansever, D., Margulies, D. S., Bernhardt, B., Jefferies, E., & Smallwood, J. (2019). Individual variation in patterns of task focused, and detailed, thought are uniquely associated within the architecture of the medial temporal lobe. NeuroImage, 202, 116045. doi:10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116045

Hong, S.-J., De Wael, R. V., Bethlehem, R. A., Lariviere, S., Paquola, C., Valk, S. L., . . . Smallwood, J. (2019). Atypical functional connectome hierarchy in autism. Nature communications, 10(1), 1-13.

Margulies, D. S., Ghosh, S. S., Goulas, A., Falkiewicz, M., Huntenburg, J. M., Langs, G., . . . Smallwood, J. (2016). Situating the default-mode network along a principal gradient of macroscale cortical organization. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A, 113(44), 12574-12579. doi:10.1073/pnas.1608282113

Murphy, C., Wang, H.-T., Konu, D., Lowndes, R., Margulies, D. S., Jefferies, E., & Smallwood, J. (2019). Modes of operation: A topographic neural gradient supporting stimulus dependent and independent cognition. NeuroImage, 186, 487-496.

Smallwood, J., & Schooler, J. W. (2015). The science of mind wandering: empirically navigating the stream of consciousness. Annual review of psychology, 66, 487-518.

Sormaz, M., Murphy, C., Wang, H.-t., Hymers, M., Karapanagiotidis, T., Poerio, G., . . . Smallwood, J. (2018). Default mode network can support the level of detail in experience during active task states. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 115(37), 9318-9323.

Turnbull, A., Wang, H., Murphy, C., Ho, N., Wang, X., Sormaz, M., . . . Margulies, D. (2019). Left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex supports context-dependent prioritisation of off-task thought. Nature communications, 10(1), 1-10.

Ph.D., Biological & Cognitive Psychology, Simon Fraser University (SFU), 2003 – 2007.
M.A., Behavioural & Cognitive Neuroscience, University of Western Ontario (UWO), 2001-2003.
Hons. B.A. with Distinction, Scholars’ Electives & Psychology, UWO, 1997-2001.

Lab Site

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Name Pronunciation Guide:
"SAIRee van ANDers"

Click below to hear pronunciation

Research Interests

Our research program focuses on sex research, gender/sex and sexual diversity, and social neuroendocrinology, all within a feminist/queer science perspective. Within sex research, we tend to explore: desire, orgasm, pleasure, porn, and others, (including with our newly developed heteronormativity theory of low sexual desire in women partnered with men). Within gender/sex and sexual diversity, we tend to explore understandings of gender/sex and sexual diversity, including with models we've developed (like sexual configurations theory), and with relevance to trans, nonbinary, queer, and/or other minoritized gender/sex and sexual experiences/identities/existences as well as "studying up" with gender/sex and sexual majorities. With social neuroendocrinology, we tend to explore iterative associations between desire and testosterone, and how social behavioural contexts related to intimacy, sexuality, and power/oppression change testosterone (including with our steroid/peptide theory of social bonds).

We aim to conduct and develop ways to do socially situated science that are biologically expansive (not reductionist), biolegible (i.e., to other bioscientists), and informed by lived experiences (critically reflective narratives of minoritized and marginalized folks). Some of our research includes sexuality, gender/sex and sexual diversity, and social neuroendocrinology, while some of it fits into only one of these areas. To do our work, we use diverse interdisciplinary methods that include qualitative approaches, quantitative approaches, mixed methods, as well as theory- and model-building. Our work connects with feminist and queer science studies and practice; all our work is done within a feminist/queer science framework, and we are committed to social action and change within academia.

Selected Publications

Beischel WJ, Gauvin SEM, & van Anders SM, in press. “A little shiny gender breakthrough:” Community understandings of gender euphoria. International Journal of Transgender Health.

van Anders SM, Herbenick D, Brotto LA, Chadwick SB, & Harris EA, in press. The heteronormativity theory of low sexual desire in women partnered with men. Archives of Sexual Behavior.

van Anders SM, Schudson ZC, Beischel WJ, Abed EC, Gormezano A, & Dibble EJ, under review. Overempowered? Diversity-focused research with gender/sex and sexual majorities. Review of General Psychology.

Beischel WJ, Schudson ZC, & van Anders SM, 2021. Visualizing gender/sex diversity via sexual configurations theory. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 8, 1-13.

Abed EC, Schudson ZC, Gunther OD, Beischel WJ, & van Anders SM, 2019. Sexual and gender diversity among sexual and gender/sex majorities: Insights via sexual configurations theory. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48, 1423-1441

Chadwick SB, Francisco M, & van Anders SM, 2019. When orgasms do not equal pleasure: Accounts of “bad” orgasm experiences during consensual sexual encounters. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 48, 1423-1441.

Schudson ZC, Beischel WJ, & van Anders SM, 2019. Individual variation in gender/sex category definitions. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 6, 448-460.

Hyde JS, Bigler RB, Joel DS, Tate CC, & van Anders SM, 2019. The future of sex and gender in psychology: Five challenges to the gender binary. American Psychologist, 74, 171-193. DOI:

Chadwick SL, Burke SB, Goldey KL, Bell SB, & van Anders SM, 2017. Sexual desire in sexual minority and majority women and men: The multifaceted sexual Desire Questionnaire (DESQ). Archives of Sexual Behavior, 46, 2465-2484.

Schudson ZC, Dibble ER, & van Anders SM, 2017. Gender/Sex and sexual diversity via Sexual Configurations Theory: Insights from a qualitative study with gender and sexual minorities. Psychology of Sexual Orientation and Gender Diversity, 4, 422-437.

van Anders SM, Schudson ZC, Abed EC, Beischel WJ, Dibble ER, Gunther OD, Kutchko VJ, & Silver ER, 2017. Biological sex, gender, and public policy. (Invited contribution.) Policy Insights from the Behavioral and Biological Sciences, 4, 194-201.

Goldey KL, Posh AR, Bell SN, & van Anders SM, 2016. Defining pleasure: A focus group study of solitary and partnered sexual pleasure in queer and heterosexual women. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 45, 2137-2154.

van Anders SM, Steiger J, & Goldey KL, 2015. Gendered behavior modulates testosterone in women and men. PNAS: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112, 13805-13810.

van Anders SM, 2015. Beyond sexual orientation: Integrating gender/sex and diverse sexualities in Sexual Configurations Theory. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 44, 1177-1213.

van Anders SM, 2014. Nomenclature and knowledge-culture, or, we don’t call semen ‘penile mucus.’ Psychology and Sexuality, 5, 349-356.

van Anders SM, Goldey KL, & Bell SN, 2014. Measurement of testosterone in human sexuality research: Methodological considerations. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 43, 231-250.

van Anders SM, 2013. Invited contribution: Beyond masculinity: Testosterone, gender/sex, and human social behavior in a comparative context. Frontiers in Neuroendocrinology, 34, 198-210.

van Anders SM, 2012. From one bioscientist to another: Guidelines for researching and writing about bisexuality for the lab and biosciences. Journal of Bisexuality, 12, 393-403.

van Anders SM, Goldey KL, & Kuo PX, 2011. Invited Expert Review: The Steroid/Peptide Theory of Social Bonds: Integrating testosterone and peptide responses for classifying social behavioral contexts. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 36, 1265-1275.

MS, Yale University 2011
MPhil, Yale University 2012
PhD, Yale University 2016

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Name Pronunciation Guide:
"VEER-uh VINE"

Click below to hear pronunciation

Research Interests

My work focuses on biopsychosocial mechanisms in the development of youth emotion dysregulation and related outcomes (e.g., depression, suicide). I am especially interested in understanding the costs, benefits, and foundations--social and biological--of emotion awareness. My work draws on theories of embodied emotion and interoception (upward body-to-brain communication) and integrates multiple methodologies (behavioral, psycholinguistic, biological) to measure emotion experience and the social and biological processes informing it.

Selected Publications

Vine, V., Boyd, R. L., & Pennebaker, J. P. (2020). Natural emotion vocabularies as windows on distress and well-being. Nature Communications, 11, 4525.

Vine, V., Victor, S. E., Mohr, H., Byrd, A. L., & Stepp, S. D. (2020). Adolescent suicide risk and experiences of dissociation in daily life. Psychiatry Research, 287, 112870.

Vine, V., Byrd, A. L., Mohr, H., Scott, L. N., Beeney, J. E., & Stepp, S. D. (2020). The structure of psychopathology in a sample of clinically referred, emotionally dysregulated early adolescents. Journal of Abnormal Child Psychology, 48(11), 1379-1393.

Vine, V., Hilt, L. M., Marroquín, B. M., & Gilbert, K. E. (2019). Socially oriented thinking and the biological stress response: Thinking of friends and family predicts trajectories of salivary cortisol decline. Psychophysiology, 56(12), e13461.

Vine, V., Bernstein, E. E., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2019). Less is More? Effects of exhaustive vs. minimal emotion labeling on emotion regulation strategy planning. Cognition & Emotion, 33(4), 855-826.

Vine, V. & Marroquín, B. (2018). Affect intensity moderates the association of emotional clarity with emotion regulation and depressive symptoms in unselected and treatment-seeking samples. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 42(1), 1-15.

Vine, V., & Aldao, A. (2014). Impaired emotional clarity: A transdiagnostic deficit with symptom-specific pathways through emotion regulation. Journal of Social and Clinical Psychology, 33(4), 319-342.

Vine, V., Aldao, A., & Nolen-Hoeksema, S. (2014). Chasing clarity: Rumination as a strategy for making sense of emotions. Journal of Experimental Psychopathology, 5(3), 229-243.

B.A., University of Western Ontario, 2011
M.A., University of Waterloo, 2014
Ph.D., University of Waterloo, 2017

Curriculum Vitae [PDF]

Name Pronunciation Guide:
"jef WAW-miss"

Click below to hear pronunciation

Research Interests

My research focuses on understanding how learning and experience can fundamentally reshape the way we represent information in memory, as well as how our representational spaces are actively reorganized to facilitate retrieval from memory. To address these questions, I have studied the costs of divided attention, the benefits of active learning tasks (e.g. drawing, motor enactment), and the changes in patterns of brain activity elicited by regularities in our environment. In other work, I have explored the experience of mind-wandering, a commonly experienced phenomenon where our thoughts drift away from what we are currently doing and toward internal thoughts and concerns. Specifically, I am interested in how episodes of mind wandering impact learning and performance, and how mind wandering might be reduced in educational settings. I use behavioural experiments, computational tools, and functional magnetic resonance imaging to investigate these and related questions, and wherever possible, I conduct experiments that relate the laboratory to the real-world (e.g. long-term studies in actual university classrooms).

Selected Publications

In addition:
Fan, J. E., Wammes, J. D., Gunn, J. B., Yamins, D. L. K., Norman, K. A. & Turk-Browne, N. B. (2020). Relating visual production and recognition of objects in human visual cortex. Journal of Neuroscience. 40, 1710-1721

Wammes, J. D., Jonker, T. R., & Fernandes, M. A. (2019). Drawing improves memory: The importance of multimodal encoding context. Cognition, 191, 103955.

Wammes, J. D., Ralph, B. C., Mills, C., Bosch, N., Duncan, T. L., & Smilek, D. (2019). Disengagement during lectures: Media multitasking and mind wandering in university classrooms. Computers & Education, 132, 76-89.

Wammes, J. D., Meade, M. E., & Fernandes, M. A. (2018). Creating a recollection-based memory through drawing. Journal of Experimental Psychology: Learning, Memory, and Cognition, 44, 734-751.

Wammes, J. D., & Fernandes, M. A. (2017). The residual protective effects of enactment. Cognition, 164, 87-101.

Wammes, J. D., & Smilek, D. (2017). Examining the influence of lecture format on degree of mind wandering. Journal of Applied Research in Memory and Cognition, 6, 174-184.

Wammes, J. D., Meade, M. E., & Fernandes, M. A. (2016). The drawing effect: Evidence for reliable and robust memory benefits in free recall. The Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychology, 69, 1752-1776 .